Depression is a serious illness that affects people of all ages, including teenagers. With hormonal changes, academic pressures, and social challenges, the teen years can be emotionally turbulent. Knowing the signs of depression in teenagers can help parents and carers support their child’s mental health.

Changes in Mood and Attitude

One of the most common signs of depression in teens is a persistent low or irritable mood. While it’s normal for teenagers to occasionally seem moody or irritable, depression is marked by ongoing negativity, cynicism, anger or sadness. Teens may lose interest in activities they used to enjoy and withdraw from family and friends.

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Along with mood changes, teens with depression often view themselves, their life and the future in an overly negative way. Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, hopelessness and self-loathing are possible indicators of depression. Teens may frequently complain of being bored, even when presented with opportunities to engage in activities.

Changes in Behaviour

In addition to emotional signs, there are several behavioural indicators that a teenager may be depressed. Social isolation and loss of interest in maintaining friendships is a major red flag. Depressed teens may avoid phone calls, social media contact and invitations to get together. They may start skipping school, disengage from sports and clubs, and stop participating in family activities.

Significant changes in sleep patterns are another warning sign of potential depression. Teens may start oversleeping and struggling to get up in the morning or have insomnia and be unable to fall asleep at night. Appetite changes, like loss of appetite and weight loss or overeating and weight gain can also signal depression. Parents should also watch for excessive risk-taking, self-harming behaviours or talk of suicide, which require immediate intervention.

Physical Symptoms

Depression often manifests in physical symptoms as well. Teenagers may frequently complain of physical ailments like headaches, stomachaches or muscle pain that have no clear cause. They may seem constantly tired, lethargic and lacking in energy, even after getting enough sleep. Some teens may also experience anxiety and panic attacks as part of their depression.

Getting Help

If you notice potential symptoms of depression in your teenager, reach out with empathy, patience and support. Let them know you’re available to listen without judgement. Avoid criticising or dismissing their feelings. Also make time to have open conversations about mental health to reduce the stigma teens might feel.

Here are some tips for having a conversation:

  • Choose a time when you’re both calm and free from distractions.
  • Use “I” statements to express concern coming from a place of care and support. For example, “I’ve noticed you seem very sad lately and I’m worried about you.”
  • Ask open-ended questions and listen without judgment. Let them explain their feelings and experience. Don’t dismiss or downplay their emotions.
  • Validate their feelings and experiences. Say things like “It makes sense you’d feel that way” or “I can understand why you feel so overwhelmed.”
  • Offer support and reassurance. Remind them you are there for them and want to get them any help they need. But don’t attempt to “fix” their depression.
  • Suggest seeing a doctor or mental health professional. But don’t force them into treatment they aren’t ready for. Instead, focus on letting them know help is available.

Reach out for support if you need it. Speak to your GP or foster agency if you are fostering. Transfer to a different agency, such as fosterplus.co.uk, if your current one doesn’t seem all that supportive.

With compassionate support from loved ones and treatment from mental health professionals, teens can overcome depression and regain a healthy, positive outlook.